Noisy simulations
Noise models for analog quantum computers differ from those of digital quantum computers in that they describe the action of the environment in a continuous time fashion.
Generically, noise can be described as the coupling of the environment to the quantum system of interest via the general Hamiltonian
\[H_\mathrm{tot} = H + H_\mathrm{env} + H_\mathrm{coupling}\]
with \(H\), \(H_\mathrm{env}\) and \(H_\mathrm{coupling}\) as the Hamiltonians of the system, the environment and
the coupling, respectively. On Qaptiva HPC we can use the jump_operators field of the analog QPU, to specify this joint
Hamiltonian
Jump operators